Svetlana Denisova
Solar system / Alternative theories
Dynamics of orbits
Table 1 sets out the main characteristics of the planets of the Solar System (hereinafter the SS). The asteroid belt (destroyed planet Phaeton) in the table is represented by its moon Ceres. Two dwarf planets: Pluto and Haumea represent the Kuiper belt.The data for the Table 1 has been taken from Wikipedia 07.07.2014 and may not match the further changes.
Based on the formulas given above and the data in Table 1, we can calculate the approximate values of the gravitational force and centrifugal force for the main planets of the Solar System (SS).
The results of calculation of the gravity force and centrifugal force for the 11 planets are shown in table 2 in the order of their distance from the Sun.
For all planets they are not equal. Consequently, they all have a spiral orbit
From table 2 it is clear, that gravitation force prevails at 4 planets nearest to the Sun (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars). If other possible influences on their orbits are not taken into account, it should be assumed, that they spin along the decreasing orbits – a descending spiral. Among them Mercury has the fastest decrease, and Mars has the slowest one.
Centrifugal force is predominating for the planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Therefore, their orbits are ascending, it is a rising spiral. Among them Jupiter has the fastest removing and Neptune – the slowest.
Orbit of Ceres (Asteroid belt) is descending and is the most stable among them. It is a division between ascending and descending orbits. Among the four gas giants the Neptune has the most stable orbit. It is also a division between the descending and ascending orbits. In front of the Neptune the centrifugal force prevails, but behind it the gravity force prevails. The orbits of Pluto and Haumea are descending and the most stable of all. Similar processes occur at numerous satellites of gas planets. The nearest of them have descending orbits, but remote have ascending orbits.
Let's calculate, what the Earth orbit would be like, if the gravity force equaled to centrifugal force: 35,404*1021n.
R=√(G*ms*mp/Fс)
R=√ (6.67384*10-11*1.9891*1030*5.97219*1024/35.404*1021)=1.49643*1011m
The difference between the actual and calculated orbits is 0.00045*1011m or 45000 km (it is ~3.5 of the Earth diameters). Consequently, the predominance of the gravity force by 0,021*1021n gives the Earth orbit decrease by 45000km in comparison with that one, which should be at the given speed 2,978*104m/s. Such difference in radii shortens the orbit length by 2π (R2-R1) ~282600km.
Let's calculate, what the Earth speed would be, if centrifugal force were equal to the gravity force 35,425n.
v= √ (Fg*R/mp),
v= √ (35,425*1021*1.49598*1011/5.97219*1024)=2.9789*104m/s
The difference between the actual and calculated speed is: 2.9789*104-2,978*104= 0.0009*104m/s. That is speed of the Earth at ~9 m/s is less, than it should be at the stable orbit.
Based on the assumption, that orbits dynamics was such for a long time, and by "scrolling" the time back, we receive, that all the basic planets SS (except Koiper belt) were initially closer to the asteroid belt and to each other.
Influence of the space bodies mass on the forces ratio
The insignificant increase of a planets mass can occurs due to the falling on them of various space bodies: meteorites, asteroids, space dust and others. The change of planets mass equally influences both counteracting forces and does't break their ratio. Perhaps, planets can lose their mass, for example, due strong eruption, as on Mars. The masses of the planets can be considered relatively permanent, that can not be said about the stars.
The change of the Sun mass does not affect the centrifugal force, but it changes the gravity force. A slight increase of the sun mass occurs, as in the case with planets, due to the fall of various space bodies onto it. Given the size of the Sun and the gigantic force of gravity, the falls occur much more often, than on planets. This process has an accidental nature, and its influence to the orbits of the planets is negligible and can be ignored.
The stars mass decrease due to their continuous burning has a much greater impact on the orbits. The burning Sun loses about 4.26 million T/s or 1.34*1014 tons/year [Wikipedia]. Not only the Sun, but also the other stars have the process of burning and decrease of the mass. Now the age of SS is about 4.6 billion years. It was determined by the fallen meteorites. Although there’s no guarantee, that they belong to SS and were formed simultaneously with it! As the other data regarding SS age is absent, the mass of the Sun 5 billion years ago, perhaps, was about 1.98977*1027 tons, taking into account the decrease coefficient. During all this time the Sun has lost 6.7*1023 tons, that is, approximately, equal to two masses of Mercury, which is a little amount. Perhaps, there is a hidden mass (decay), which the Sun loses much quicker?
This factor should have the constraining impact on the descending orbits and, on the contrary, the accelerating influence on the ascending orbits. The SS age and the speed of the Sun mass decrease raise big doubts. Most likely, the Sun age and the speed of the mass decrease are much greater. Possibly, when SS was young, all planets were arranged in a more compact way, closer to asteroids belt. The Sun mass was and energy sufficient enough, to were the life conditions on the farthest planets. Conditionally, the distance from the Sun can be divided into 3 zones: